美国有线新闻网络: 美国心脏协会(AHA)和美国心脏学学院(ACC)周日(17日)发布新指引,不再建议健康的长者每日服用低剂量的阿士匹灵(Aspirin),以减低心脏病或中风的风险。药物对于高风险人士仍然重要,但有份参与制订新指引的医生指出,改善生活习惯对预防疾病更重要。
阿士匹灵能抑制血小板的功能,从而抑制血液凝固,降低或预防因动脉粥状硬化导致的血管狭窄。不过近期有研究发现,健康长者日常服用低剂量阿士匹灵并没多大好处,轻则浪费金钱,重则会增加内出血甚至早死风险。
新指引称,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平每十分之一公升超过190毫克的人士,应透过他汀类药物、健康饮食、定期运动、减肥或避免吸烟来减低患上心血管疾病风险。LDL是会阻塞动脉、导致心脏病的“坏胆固醇”。此外,二型糖尿病是导致心血管疾病的主因之一,新指引亦建议民众从控制饮食和体重及运动预防疾病。
虽然阿士匹灵对健康长者未必有用,但指引称医生仍可考虑向高风险病人处方阿士匹灵,例如那些无法降低胆固醇和控制血糖的患者。对于曾经中风、有心脏病、接受过心脏手术或“通波仔” 手术的人,阿士匹灵仍是重要药物。
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